Task-Based Approach as an Effective Tool in Developing Pragmatic Competence

The Washback Effect of Task-based Assessment on the Iranian EFL Learners' Development of Pragmatic Competence

The present study was an attempt to explore the ‘washback effect’ of task-based assessment (TBLA) on EFL Iranian learners’ pragmatic development. To this end, through conducting KET (Key English Test), 60 out of 120 EFL Iranian learners studying in an English language school, were randomly selected. They were assigned to treatment group (N=30), and control group (N=30). The treatment group was ...

Pragmatic approach is effective in evidence based health care.

Editor—Grant et al note that organisations that fund biomedical research assume that the research they support will lead to an eventual improvement in health. Because clinical guidelines represent one of the final links between basic research and actions to improve health, they looked at which studies were cited in guidelines. Although their analysis is a valuable move away from the naive use a...

Pragmatic Competence Development: Demystifying the Impact of Task Types and EFL Students' Perceptions

Interlanguage pragmatics, as an inseparable part of communicative competence, has been emphasized as an ultimate objective in language learning. This study explored the perceptions of Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) students regarding interlanguage pragmatics and the impact of textbooks tasks on shaping their pragmatic competence. To accomplish this objective, 137 senior EFL student...

Developing an Effective Approach to Public Auditing

Cost-Effective Marine Protection - A Pragmatic Approach

This paper puts forward a framework for probabilistic and holistic cost-effectiveness analysis to provide support in selecting the least-cost set of measures to reach a multidimensional environmental objective. Following the principles of ecosystem-based management, the framework includes a flexible methodology for deriving and populating criteria for effectiveness and costs and analyzing compl...